List of top Botany Questions

Identify the universal rules of nomenclature among the following
A) Biological names are in Latin and written in italics.
B) The first word to start with small letter for genus.
C) The specific epithet to start with small letter.
D) Each organism name will have two components.

Methanogens are:

Choose the incorrect statements:

I. Human insulin is made in fungus
II. Insulin DNA sequences are introduced into the genophore of E. coli
III. Recombinant E. coli produces insulin chains

Methods for inserting recombinant DNA into host:

I. Selectable marker
II. Disarmed pathogen vector
III. Biolistic method
IV. Microinjection

In which crosses both phenotypic and genotypic F$_2$ ratios are 1:2:1?

I) Red $\times$ White snapdragon (incomplete dominance)
II) Tall $\times$ Dwarf garden pea
III) Dotted $\times$ Spotted seed coat lentil
IV) Homozygous $\times$ Heterozygous

Choose the incorrect statements:

I. Electrons from NADH produced in the mitochondrial matrix are oxidized by complex II
II. Ubiquinones oxidised to ubiquinol by receiving reducing equivalents from complex I
III. Ubiquinol oxidized to ubiquinone by transfer of electrons to complex III

Arrange the intermediate compounds of RUBP regeneration in correct sequence:

I. Ribulose-5-Phosphate
II. Erythrose-4-Phosphate
III. Fructose-6-Phosphate
IV. Sedoheptulose-7-Phosphate
V. Ribose-5-Phosphate
VI. Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate

Phenomenon that describe the first action spectra of photosynthesis:

I. Illumination of Cladophora
II. Detection of O$_2$ release using anaerobic bacteria
III. Accumulation of aerobic bacteria in red and blue light
IV. Cladophora in suspension of anaerobic bacteria

Choose the correct statements:

I. In exothermic reactions, ‘P’ is at a lower level than ‘S’
II. Enzyme activity is affected by temperature due to changes in tertiary structure
III. Low temperature denatures the protein
IV. Ligases remove groups from substrate

Loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing in leaves is called:

No. of ATP, protons and electrons required for the formation of 6NH$_3$ molecules in biological nitrogen fixation.

Choose the correct statements:

I. Movement of water through apoplast involves crossing the cell membrane
II. Movement through apoplast is gradient dependent
III. In symplast, water moves through plasmodesmata
IV. Transpiration pull is less important than root pressure in tall plants

Identify the plants with the following characters in a sequence:

A) Annual plants found in dry weather
B) Submerged in water without rooted in mud
C) No contact with soil, present on surface of water
D) Perennial plants to withstand prolonged drought conditions

Choose the correct statements:

I. Phellogen made up of narrow thin-walled rectangular cells
II. Soft bark is formed early in the season
III. More xylem vessels with narrow lumen are called late wood
IV. In isobilateral leaf, mesophyll is differentiated

Assertion (A): Trichomes help in preventing water loss due to transpiration.
Reason (R): The specialized cells near the guard cells together constitute stomatal apparatus.

Match the following:

List I
A) Mechanical support at young stem and leaf petiole
B) Cells in fruit walls of nuts
C) Cells absent in primary phloem
D) Endarch primary xylem

List II
I) Sclereids
II) Stem vascular bundles
III) Collenchyma tissue
IV) Bast fibers

Arrange the chromosomal events of meiosis in correct sequence:

List:
I) Disappearing of nucleolus
II) Appearance of recombination nodule on chromatids
III) Terminalisation of chiasmata
IV) Pairing of chromosomes
V) Dissolution of synaptonemal complex

Choose the correct statements among the following:
I. Quasi-fluid nature of lipids enables lateral movement of proteins.
II. Mitochondria and chloroplast constitute endomembrane system.
III. Phosphate granules are not membrane bound bodies.
IV. Centriole is a component in all cells.

Statement I: Lysosomes were found to be very rich in hydrolytic enzymes.
Statement II: These enzymes are optimally active at the basic pH.
Identify the correct option from the following:

Identify the floral formula of the following characters.
Ebracteolate, United perianth, pentacarpellary syncarpous, zygomorphic, superior ovary, bisexual.