Question

X is a substance which does not allow the flow of charges through it but permits them to exert electrostatic forces on one another through it. Identify X.

• A. Polar molecule
• B. Dielectric
• C. Non-polar molecule
• D. Equipotential

Hint:

Dielectrics are materials that block the flow of charge but allow electrostatic forces to operate, making them useful in many electrical applications such as capacitors.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding Dielectrics
A dielectric is a material that does not conduct electricity (i.e., it does not allow the flow of charges), but it permits electrostatic forces to act through it.
Dielectrics are insulating materials that are used in capacitors to increase their capacitance by reducing the electric field between the plates.
Step 2: Why Other Options are Incorrect
Option (a) refers to a molecule that has a permanent dipole moment, but it doesn't directly describe the behavior of charge flow.
Option (c) refers to a molecule without a permanent dipole moment, which is not relevant to the question.

Option (d) refers to a condition where the electric potential is the same everywhere, which does not describe the substance in question.

Step 3: Conclusion
Thus, the substance described in the question is a dielectric.