Question

Write three features of controlling.

Hint:

{Three Features:}

• {Goal-oriented:} Aims to achieve objectives
• {Continuous:} Ongoing, not one-time
• {Forward & Backward-looking:} Evaluates past, improves future

Answer 1

Controlling is a fundamental function of management that involves monitoring performance, comparing it with standards, and taking corrective actions. Here are three important features of controlling: Feature 1: Controlling is a Goal-Oriented Function

• Controlling is directed towards the achievement of organizational goals and objectives.
• It ensures that activities are performed according to plans and that resources are used efficiently to reach desired outcomes.
• Without clear goals, controlling would have no direction or purpose.
• Example: A company sets a sales target of ₹1 crore per month. Controlling monitors actual sales and ensures corrective action if sales fall short, keeping the organization focused on its goal.

Feature 2: Controlling is a Continuous Process

• Controlling is not a one-time activity but an ongoing, dynamic process.
• It operates at all levels of management and throughout the year.
• Managers continuously monitor performance, identify deviations, and take corrective actions as needed.
• Example: In a manufacturing unit, quality control checks are performed daily, not just at the end of the month.

Feature 3: Controlling is Both a Forward-Looking and Backward-Looking Function

• Backward-looking: Controlling evaluates past performance by comparing actual results with planned standards.
• Forward-looking: The feedback from controlling helps in making future plans and preventing future deviations.
• It learns from the past to improve the future.
• Example: A company analyzes why production targets were missed last month (backward-looking) and uses this insight to set more realistic targets or improve processes for the coming months (forward-looking).

Additional Features (for reference):

• Pervasive Function: Required at all levels and in all types of organizations.
• Action-Oriented: Focuses on taking corrective actions, not just identifying problems.
• Dynamic: Adapts to changing business environment and circumstances.