Question

Write the symptoms and signs in a suspected case of gestational trophoblastic neoplasm.

Hint:

Persistent or abnormal elevation of hCG levels after pregnancy is a key sign in diagnosing gestational trophoblastic neoplasms.

Answer 1

Step 1: Introduction to Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN).
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm refers to a group of pregnancy-related tumors that arise from abnormal trophoblastic tissue. The most common form is choriocarcinoma, but other types include invasive mole and placental site trophoblastic tumor. Symptoms and signs vary depending on the type and extent of disease.
Step 2: Symptoms and Signs of GTN.
- Vaginal Bleeding: Irregular or heavy bleeding, often after a recent pregnancy (miscarriage, molar pregnancy, or full-term delivery).
- Enlarged Uterus: The uterus may be enlarged or of a size inconsistent with the stage of pregnancy or postpartum status.
- Pelvic Pain: Abdominal or pelvic pain, which may indicate metastatic disease or local invasion.
- Elevated hCG Levels: Persistent elevated or rising levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) after pregnancy, which is indicative of trophoblastic disease.