Question

Write the steps taken to prevent perineal tear.

Hint:

Proactive measures such as perineal massage and optimal positioning can significantly reduce the risk of perineal tearing during labor.

Answer 1

Step 1: Perineal Massage.
Perineal massage can be performed during the second trimester or at the end of pregnancy. It helps increase the elasticity of the perineum, reducing the risk of tearing during delivery.

Step 2: Controlled Delivery.
Controlled delivery of the baby, especially the head, reduces the risk of an uncontrolled tear. This can be achieved by guiding the baby's head out slowly with gentle support, allowing the perineum time to stretch.

Step 3: Maternal Positioning.
Positioning the mother in an upright or side-lying position during labor can reduce the risk of perineal trauma, as these positions reduce the pressure on the perineum.

Step 4: Episiotomy.
In certain cases, an episiotomy (a small surgical cut) may be performed to prevent a more extensive tear, though its routine use is controversial. It is typically done if there is a need for a rapid delivery or if the perineum is unable to stretch enough.

Step 5: Conclusion.
These measures help to minimize the occurrence of perineal tears during delivery, ensuring better outcomes for both the mother and the baby.