Question

Write the names of four organelles of a cell.

Hint:

To easily remember these, use simple analogies: Nucleus = Brain/CEO, Mitochondria = Power Plant, Ribosomes = Factories (making proteins), Endoplasmic Reticulum = Assembly Line.

Answer 1

Four major organelles of a cell are:
\begin{enumerate} \item Nucleus: Often called the "control center" of the cell, the nucleus contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls all the cell's activities, such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
\item Mitochondria (singular: mitochondrion): Known as the "powerhouse" of the cell, mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, a process that converts nutrients (like glucose) into energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
\item Ribosomes: These are small particles responsible for protein synthesis. They can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. They read the instructions from the nucleus to build proteins.
\item Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): A network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis. The Rough ER (studded with ribosomes) modifies proteins, while the Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies the cell.
\end{enumerate}