Write the IUPAC names of the following ketones and aldehydes. Wherever possible, give also common names.
\((i) CH_3CO(CH_2)_4CH_3 \)
\((ii) CH_3CH_2CHBrCH_2CH(CH_3)CHO \)
\((iii) CH_3(CH_2)_5CHO \)
\((iv) Ph-CH=CH-CHO\)
\((v)\)
\((vi) PhCOPh\)
Write the IUPAC names of the following ketones and aldehydes. Wherever possible, give also common names.
\((i) CH_3CO(CH_2)_4CH_3 \)
\((ii) CH_3CH_2CHBrCH_2CH(CH_3)CHO \)
\((iii) CH_3(CH_2)_5CHO \)
\((iv) Ph-CH=CH-CHO\)
\((v)\)
\((vi) PhCOPh\)
Solution and Explanation
\((i) CH_3CO(CH_2)_4CH_3\)
IUPAC name: Heptan-2-one
Common name: Methyl n-propyl ketone
\((ii) CH_3CH_2CHBrCH_2CH(CH_3)CHO \)
IUPAC name: 4-Bromo-2-methylhaxanal
Common name: (γ-Bromo-α-methyl-caproaldehyde)
\((iii) CH_3(CH_2)_5CHO \)
IUPAC name: Heptanal
\((iv) Ph-CH=CH-CHO \)
IUPAC name: 3-phenylprop-2-enal
Common name: β-Pheynolacrolein
\((v)\)
IUPAC name: Cyclopentanecarbaldehyde
\((vi)PhCOPh \)
IUPAC name: Diphenylmethanone
Common name: Benzophenone
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Concepts Used:
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids - Nomenclature
Aldehydes:
- The acyclic and aliphatic aldehydes are firstly named after their longest carbon chain. In this “al” is attached to the suffix.
- When the aldehyde functional group is suppressed in a ring compound, the “carbaldehyde” suffix is used.
- For natural carboxylic acids, the “oxo'' prefix is used to highlight the carbon which is involved in the aldehyde functional group.
Ketones:
- In the case of ketones, the parent alkane’s name is taken into consideration. In this “anone” suffix is attached to it.
- The carbonyl group’s position is represented by a particular number while giving a particular name to the ketone.
- The name of the alkyl groups that are linked to the carbonyl compound is included in the nomenclature.
Carboxylic Acids:
- Carboxylic acids are named by the addition of the suffix an “oic acid” to the parent carbon chain.
- Even if other substituents are present, the carboxylic acid will be considered at the first (primary) position of the parent carbon chain.
- The carboxylic group can also be utilized as a substituent in the parent carbon chain.
Read More: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids