Question:
Write the chemical equations for two chemical properties of acetic acid.
Write the chemical equations for two chemical properties of acetic acid.
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Acetic acid shows both acidic and esterification properties — it reacts with carbonates to release CO2 and forms esters with alcohols in presence of acid.
Updated On: Nov 5, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Reaction with Sodium Carbonate.
When acetic acid reacts with sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide gas is evolved along with sodium acetate and water. \[ 2\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 \rightarrow 2\text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2 \uparrow \] Observation: Effervescence due to evolution of carbon dioxide gas.
Step 2: Reaction with Ethanol (Esterification).
When acetic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, an ester (ethyl acetate) is formed along with water. \[ \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{Conc. H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] Observation: The ester formed has a pleasant fruity smell.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Acetic acid reacts with carbonates to produce CO2 and forms esters when heated with alcohols — demonstrating acidic and esterification properties.
When acetic acid reacts with sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide gas is evolved along with sodium acetate and water. \[ 2\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 \rightarrow 2\text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2 \uparrow \] Observation: Effervescence due to evolution of carbon dioxide gas.
Step 2: Reaction with Ethanol (Esterification).
When acetic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, an ester (ethyl acetate) is formed along with water. \[ \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{Conc. H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{CH}_3\text{COOC}_2\text{H}_5 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] Observation: The ester formed has a pleasant fruity smell.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Acetic acid reacts with carbonates to produce CO2 and forms esters when heated with alcohols — demonstrating acidic and esterification properties.
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