Question

Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i) CH₃-CH₂-COOH (ii) CH₂=COOH (iii) ClCH₂-COOH (iv) CH₃-CH=CH-COOH (v) CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH

Hint:

When naming carboxylic acids, identify the longest carbon chain with the carboxyl group and number the chain accordingly. If substituents are present, number them as per IUPAC rules.

Answer 1

Step 1: Identifying and naming the compounds.
- (i) CH₃-CH₂-COOH: This is propanoic acid (also known as propionic acid), a simple carboxylic acid with a three-carbon chain. The IUPAC name is propanoic acid.
- (ii) CH₂=COOH: This compound is an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, commonly known as acrylic acid. The IUPAC name is prop-2-enoic acid.
- (iii) ClCH₂-COOH: This compound is a chlorinated carboxylic acid, commonly known as chloroacetic acid. The IUPAC name is chloroethanoic acid.
- (iv) CH₃-CH=CH-COOH: This compound is a conjugated diene with a carboxyl group. The IUPAC name is 2-propenoic acid.
- (v) CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH: This compound is a diketone derivative of acetic acid, also known as acetoacetic acid. The IUPAC name is 3-oxobutanoic acid.
Step 2: Conclusion.
- (i) propanoic acid
- (ii) prop-2-enoic acid
- (iii) chloroethanoic acid
- (iv) 2-propenoic acid
- (v) 3-oxobutanoic acid