Question

Write four main characteristics of living beings.

Hint:

Mnemonic: “{G-R-M-R}” → Growth, Reproduction, Metabolism, Response.

Answer 1

Living beings are organisms that show unique features distinguishing them from non-living objects. The four main characteristics are:
Growth and Development: All living beings grow in size and mass by cell division. They also develop new structures and functions during their lifespan. For example, a child grows into an adult, and a seed grows into a plant.
Reproduction: Living beings have the ability to reproduce, i.e., produce offspring of their own kind. This can be sexual (e.g., humans, animals) or asexual (e.g., amoeba divides by binary fission).
Metabolism: All living beings carry out chemical reactions inside their cells. These reactions involve breakdown (catabolism) and synthesis (anabolism) of molecules to provide energy for life processes.
Response to Stimuli (Irritability): Living organisms can sense changes in their surroundings and respond accordingly. For example, humans feel hot and start sweating, plants bend towards light (phototropism).
Final Answer:
Growth, reproduction, metabolism, and response to stimuli are the four main characteristics of living beings.