Question

Who is the father of tissue culture?

• A. Jethro Tull
• B. Folke Karl Skoog
• C. Stephen Murasige
• D. Haberlandt

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Tissue culture is a technique of growing cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled artificial environment. The father of tissue culture is recognized as Haberlandt. He was a pioneer in the field and made significant contributions that laid the groundwork for modern tissue culture methods. His theoretical work and ideas set the foundation for later practical applications of tissue culture in biology and agriculture. 

Options	Explanation
Jethro Tull	Not related to tissue culture; known for agricultural innovations.
Folke Karl Skoog	Contributed to plant physiology and cytokinin discovery.
Stephen Murasige	Known for plant tissue culture advancements with Skoog.
Haberlandt	Father of tissue culture; initiated the theoretical groundwork.

Answer 2

The correct answer is (4) Haberlandt.

Haberlandt is considered the father of tissue culture. He was a German plant physiologist who first successfully demonstrated the concept of plant tissue culture in 1902 by growing plant cells in culture. His work laid the foundation for modern tissue culture techniques.

Let’s review the other options:

(1) Jethro Tull: Jethro Tull was an English agricultural pioneer who is known for his invention of the seed drill, not for tissue culture.

(2) Folke Karl Skoog: Folke Karl Skoog was a Swedish-American biologist who contributed significantly to plant tissue culture and is known for developing the Skoog medium for plant growth, but he was not the father of tissue culture.

(3) Toshion Murashige: Toshion Murashige is known for his work in plant tissue culture, specifically for developing the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS medium), which is widely used in plant cell culture, but he is not credited with being the father of tissue culture.

Thus, the correct answer is (4) Haberlandt, as he is regarded as the pioneer in the field of plant tissue culture.