Question

Who is the father of Criminology?

• A. Sheldon
• B. Moreno
• C. Lombroso
• D. Kretschmer

Hint:

Associate foundational figures with their fields. For criminology, the key name to remember is Cesare Lombroso and his (now-outdated) theory of the "born criminal."

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This is a knowledge-based question asking to identify the historical figure considered the founder of the field of criminology.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(C) Cesare Lombroso: An Italian physician and criminologist from the 19th century, Lombroso is widely regarded as the "father of modern criminology." He founded the Italian School of Positivist Criminology. His theory suggested that criminality was inherited and that someone "born criminal" could be identified by physical defects, which he termed "atavistic stigmata." While his theories are now largely discredited, his emphasis on scientific study of the criminal was foundational to the field.
(A) William Sheldon and (D) Ernst Kretschmer proposed theories linking personality to body type (somatotyping).
(B) Jacob L. Moreno was a psychiatrist known for developing psychodrama and sociometry.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Cesare Lombroso is known as the father of criminology.