Question:

Which one of the following plants are used as green manure in crop fields and in sandy soils ?

Updated On: Jun 23, 2024
  • Crotalaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum
  • Calotropis procera and Phyllanthus niruri
  • Saccharum munja and Lantana camara
  • Dichanthium annulatum and Azolla nilotica
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Green manures are fast growing herbaceous crops which are ploughed down and mixed with the soil while still green for enrichment of soil. These provide both organic matter and nitrogen to the soil, in which Indian soils are generally poor. The green manure checks soil erosion by forming protective soil cover and also prevents leaching. Increase in yield by 30-50% has been observed by use of green manures. Some important green manure crops, which are mostly members of family Leguminosae are Alhagi and Crotolaria juncea.
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Concepts Used:

Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production

Animal Husbandry

The raising and breeding of livestock are known as animal husbandry. Dairy farm management and fisheries are also included under animal husbandry and responsible for the selection of good breeds for better yield, maintaining a well-ventilated house and proper cleanliness and hygiene, and regulating proper disposal of waste.

Read More: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Animal Breeding

The practice of raising a group of animals belonging to a common species. Inbreeding and outbreeding are the two types of animal breeding.

  1. Animals of superior male and female breed are made to mate for 4 to 6 generations. According to Mendel's experiment, true-breeding species or pure lines are created by Inbreeding which results in homozygosity.
  2. The breeding involving animals that are not related is known as outbreeding.
  3. Bee-keeping: The rearing of bees for the production of honey and beeswax is known as apiculture. One of the most common species of the honey bee is Apis indica. Beeswax is used to prepare polish, cosmetics, etc.
  4. Fisheries: Cultivation or breeding of aquatic flora and fauna for a commercial purpose is known as aquaculture. Fish and fish products for consumption are known as pisciculture.

Plant Breeding

In order to get rid of nutrient deficiency diseases, crops need to have a specific nutrient value besides disease resistance, pest resistance, and high yield capacity. There are many strategies for enhancing food production through plant breeding.

  1. Somatic Hybrids
  2. Totipotency
  3. Biofortification

Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance

Plant Breeding for Pest Resistance

Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality

Single-Cell Protein

One of the ways to meet the growing demand of nutrients in plants and animals is a single-cell protein which is biomass that is rich in protein. microbes are produced on an industrial scale to get single-cell protein.