Which one of the following makes use of RNA as a template to synthesize DNA ?
- Reverse transcriptase
- DNA dependent RNA polymerase
- DNA polymerase
- RNA polymerase
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme found in retroviruses like HIV, and it is capable of reverse transcription, which is the process of using an RNA template to synthesize a complementary DNA strand. This enzyme is essential for the replication of retroviral genomes and is widely used in molecular biology techniques like reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to convert RNA into DNA for analysis.
So, the correct option is (A): Reverse Transcript
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Construct and label a transcription unit from which the RNA segment given below has been transcribed. Write the complete name of the enzyme that transcribed this RNA.
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- The RNA triplet UAG acts as a stop codon which terminates the synthesis of a polypeptide. Below is given a strand of DNA which codes for four amino acids.
In which position will an insertion of a thymine nucleotide result in the termination of translation?
DNA strand:
3′ T C C A C C C G A T G C 5′- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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OR
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Concepts Used:
Transcription
The very first stage of gene expression is the procedure of transcription. In this procedure, mRNA is the place where the genetic information is stored which later aids in encoding a protein. In this process, the DNA strand acts as a guide in the making of mRNA. Despite the fact that there is one exception which is adenine base pairs with uracil instead of thymine.
Transcription Unit:
The transcription unit is a set of freshly combined RNA molecules that have been transcribed from DNA. The cause is to encode at least one gene. A protein that has been encoded or encrypted with a DNA transcription unit may have a coding sequence. Transcription has a lower copying fidelity rate when differentiated from DNA replication.
The Stages of Transcription:
The procedure of transcription is enzymatically catalyzed into three steps:
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination