Question

Which of these theories involve taking a moderate amount of risk as a function of skill and not chance?

• A. Need for achievement
• B. Need for affiliation
• C. Need for authority
• D. Need for independence

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The question asks which theory involves taking a moderate amount of risk as a function of skill and not chance. This concept relates to the field of Innovation & Entrepreneurship, specifically under theories of motivation.

Let's examine the options:

• Need for achievement: This theory was developed by psychologist David McClelland. It suggests that individuals with a high need for achievement are motivated to set and accomplish goals that are challenging yet attainable. Importantly, they prefer situations where success is not purely a matter of chance but involves personal skill. These individuals tend to take moderate risks, as these allow them to demonstrate and hone their abilities.
• Need for affiliation: This need reflects the desire to have social interactions and to form friendly relationships. It does not particularly focus on risk-taking or achievement through skill.
• Need for authority: This need revolves around having control and influence over others. It is not particularly related to personal achievement through skillful risk management.
• Need for independence: This need pertains to the desire to work independently and make one's own decisions. Although it might involve some degree of risk-taking, the primary focus is on self-sufficiency rather than achievement through skillful risk-taking.

Based on these explanations, the correct answer is Need for achievement.

The Need for achievement theory is the one that involves taking a moderate amount of risk as a function of skill rather than chance. This distinguishes it from the other needs, which focus on social aspects, authority, or independence without emphasizing the skill-related management of risk.