Question

Which of the following vegetable crop has brown anther type and petaloid type male sterility?

• A. Onion
• B. Cabbage
• C. Carrot
• D. Radish

Hint:

Male sterility systems are vital for hybrid seed production. Carrots are a classic example where different types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) are found:
Petaloid CMS: Stamens turn into petals.
Brown Anther CMS: Anthers are brown, shriveled, and don't release pollen.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Male sterility is a condition where a plant cannot produce functional pollen. Different types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems are used in hybrid seed production.
Petaloid CMS: In this type, the stamens (male reproductive parts) are transformed into petal-like structures, making them sterile.
Brown anther CMS: In this type, the anthers develop but are shriveled, non-dehiscent (do not release pollen), and often have a brown, necrotic appearance. Both petaloid CMS and brown anther CMS are well-documented and utilized in carrot (Daucus carota) for hybrid breeding.
(1) Onion: Has CMS systems (e.g., S-cytoplasm), but the primary expressions are different.
(2) Cabbage: Ogura CMS is famous, characterized by different abnormalities.
(3) Carrot: Known to exhibit both petaloid CMS (where stamens become petals) and brown anther CMS. These are distinct systems but both occur in carrot.
(4) Radish: Also utilizes CMS, but carrot is particularly noted for both these types. Therefore, carrot is the vegetable crop among the options that is well-known for having both brown anther type and petaloid type male sterility systems. Carrot