Step 1: Understand measuring tools for diameter.
- Vernier calipers and digital calipers are suitable for measuring dimensions with less precision and are generally used for more general measurements.
- Micrometers are highly accurate instruments specifically designed for measuring small dimensions, including the diameter of cylindrical objects with high precision.
- Gauge blocks are used for setting reference standards and are not typically used to measure the diameter directly.
Step 2: Conclusion
The most accurate method to measure the diameter of a cylindrical object is with a micrometer.
Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{\text{Micrometer}}
\]