Stroke volume/heart rate
- Cardiac output is defined as the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. It is calculated by multiplying stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped per beat) by heart rate (the number of beats per minute).
- The other options are incorrect because they do not align with the standard formula for cardiac output.
Conclusion:
Cardiac output is calculated as Stroke volume × Heart rate. Thus, the correct answer is (b).