Step 1: Define ethnography.
Ethnography is a qualitative research method rooted in anthropology and sociology, emphasizing immersive observation.
Step 2: Examine each option.
(A) is correct: Ethnographers often live within the community for long durations.
(B) is incorrect: Experimental and controlled groups are typical of quantitative research, not ethnography.
(C) is correct: Field observation is a major component of ethnographic study.
(D) is correct: Ethnography seeks to understand behaviors in their cultural context.
The theory of psychoanalysis is based on \(\_\_\_\_\_\_\) method.
In the Darwinian sense, \(\_\_\_\_\_\_\) refers to the ability of an organism to survive and produce a large number of fertile offspring.
\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|} \hline \textbf{Theory of Learning} & \textbf{Psychologist} \\ \hline \text{I. Classical Conditioning} & \text{a. Ivan Pavlov} \\ \hline \text{II. Instrumental Conditioning} & \text{b. E. L. Thorndike} \\ \hline \text{III. Insightful Learning} & \text{c. W. Kohler} \\ \hline \text{IV. Trial \& Error Learning} & \text{d. B. F. Skinner} \\ \hline \end{array} \]