Which of the following is a correct combination of the metaphysical position of Viśiṣṭādvaita of Rāmānuja?
(i) World is real
(ii) World is unreal
(iii) There is no Jīvanmukti
(iv) Brahman is saguṇa (qualified)
Which of the following is a correct combination of the metaphysical position of Viśiṣṭādvaita of Rāmānuja?
(i) World is real
(ii) World is unreal
(iii) There is no Jīvanmukti
(iv) Brahman is saguṇa (qualified)
Show Hint
- (i), (iii) and (iv)
- (i), (ii) and (iv)
- (ii), (iii) and (iv)
- (ii) and (iv)
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Metaphysical Position of Viśiṣṭādvaita.
In Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta, as taught by Rāmānuja, the world is real (unlike in Advaita, where it is considered unreal or illusory). The world is not separate from Brahman but is qualified by Brahman.
Step 2: Key features of Viśiṣṭādvaita.
(i) World is real: The world and its components have real existence and are not mere illusions.
(iii) There is Jīvanmukti: Rāmānuja holds that liberation is possible while still in the body (Jīvanmukti).
(iv) Brahman is saguṇa (qualified): Brahman is personal, with attributes like compassion and omniscience.
Thus, the correct combination is (i), (iii), and (iv).
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