Question

Which of the following has zero dipole moment?

• A. 1-Butene
• B. 2-Methyl- 1-propene
• C. cis-2-Butene
• D. trans-2-Butene

Hint:

It is visible that both the methyl groups are canceling each other out

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

From the diagram, it is visible that both the methyl groups are canceling each other out and resulting in zero dipole moment.

Discover More From This Chapter: Hydrocarbons

Answer 2

The Correct Answer is (D)

Real Life Applications

• Methane, Carbon tetrachloride, and Beryllium fluoride have zero dipole moment. So, Methane is utilised as a fuel in cars, stoves, and water heaters.
• It is a component of the production of electricity.
• In its purified liquid state, it serves as rocket fuel.
• It is a component of antifreeze used in several industries.
• It is a typical component of fertiliser. Products are sanitised with it.
• In industrial and dry cleaning facilities, carbon tetrachloride was employed as a degreasing chemical, and in homes, it was used to remove stains from clothes, furniture, and carpets. 
• In addition to being employed as a fumigant to kill insects in grain, carbon tetrachloride was also utilised in fire extinguishers. 
• It is also employed in the rubber sector as a solvent. as a cleaning substance for the dry cleaning sector.
• A glassy crystal with no odour, beryllium fluoride is colourless or grey in solid form. It serves as a chemical reagent as well as being used to refine beryllium and create beryllium alloys.

Question can also be asked as

• Which of the following molecules has no net dipole moment?
• Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?
• Which of the following molecules has symmetrical geometry?
• Which of the following molecules has equal bond dipoles?
• Which of the following molecules has a linear geometry?

Answer 3

The Correct Answer is (D)

A system in which positive and negative charges are divided has a dipole moment. 

• Both covalent and ionic bonds are susceptible to it.
• The difference in electronegativity between two atoms that are chemically linked causes dipole moments to form.
• A molecule will have an uneven charge distribution if the polar bonds within it are dispersed unevenly.
• Due to this unbalanced charge distribution, the molecule will be polar.

Dipole Moment Formula

The intermolecular distance between atoms in a molecule and the product of the electron charge on the molecule may be used to represent the dipole moment formula. According to the equation:

Dipole moment (μ) = Charge (Q) × Intermolecular distance between atom (d)
Thus, (μ) = (Q) × (d)

The bond dipole moment, which results from a chemical bond between two atoms with various electronegativities, may be written as follows: μ = δ.d

• The bond dipole moment is referred to as μ.
• The partial charges are indicated by the symbol "δ".
• The distance is referred to as d.

Also Read: 

Related Topics
Chemical Bonding	Bond Energy	Sigma and Pi Bond