Which of the following has the highest Boiling Point?
- Chloromethane
- Fluoromethane
- Bromomethane
- Iodomethane
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The correct option is (D): Iodomethane.
Boiling Point and Intermolecular Forces:
The boiling point of a compound is influenced by various factors, including the strength and nature of intermolecular forces. These forces are responsible for holding the molecules together, and overcoming them requires energy, which is reflected in the boiling point. In this case, we compare the compounds based on the polarity and strength of the halogen bonding.
Effect of Halogen Size on Boiling Point:
As we move down the halogen group, the size and polarizability of the halogen atoms increase. Larger atoms, such as iodine, are more polarizable, which means they can induce stronger van der Waals forces (a type of intermolecular force). These forces are responsible for holding the molecules together in the liquid phase. As a result, stronger van der Waals forces lead to a higher boiling point. Therefore, we observe that:
- Fluoromethane (B): Has the smallest halogen (fluorine), which induces weaker van der Waals forces and therefore has the lowest boiling point.
- Chloromethane (A): Chlorine is larger than fluorine, but still smaller than bromine and iodine. Thus, it has a higher boiling point than fluoromethane.
- Bromomethane (C): Bromine is larger and more polarizable than chlorine, resulting in stronger intermolecular forces and a higher boiling point than chloromethane.
- Iodomethane (D): Iodine, being the largest and most polarizable halogen in this group, induces the strongest van der Waals forces, resulting in the highest boiling point.
Conclusion:
Therefore, Iodomethane (D) is expected to have the highest boiling point among the given compounds due to the strongest intermolecular forces (van der Waals forces) resulting from the larger, more polarizable iodine atom.
Top Questions on Solutions
According to the generally accepted definition of the ideal solution there are equal interaction forces acting between molecules belonging to the same or different species. (This is equivalent to the statement that the activity of the components equals the concentration.) Strictly speaking, this concept is valid in ecological systems (isotopic mixtures of an element, hydrocarbons mixtures, etc.). It is still usual to talk about ideal solutions as limiting cases in reality since very dilute solutions behave ideally with respect to the solvent. This law is further supported by the fact that Raoult’s law empirically found for describing the behaviour of the solvent in dilute solutions can be deduced thermodynamically via the assumption of ideal behaviour of the solvent.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Give one example of miscible liquid pair which shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law. What is the reason for such deviation?
(b) (i) State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components.
OR
(ii) Raoult’s law is a special case of Henry’s law. Comment.
(c) Write two characteristics of an ideal solution.- A solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol\(^{-1}\)) in water has a boiling point of 100.20°C. Calculate the freezing point of the same solution. Molal constants for water \(K_f\) and \(K_b\) are 1.86 K kg mol\(^{-1}\) and 0.512 K kg mol\(^{-1}\) respectively.
- Define Azeotrope. What type of Azeotrope is formed by negative deviation from Raoult's law? Give an example.
- Give reasons:
(a) Cooking is faster in a pressure cooker than in an open pan.
(b) On mixing liquid X and liquid Y, volume of the resulting solution decreases. What type of deviation from Raoult's law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature would you observe after mixing liquids X and Y? - An unripe mango placed in a concentrated salt solution to prepare pickle, shrivels because __________
Questions Asked in MHT CET exam
- Evaluate the integral: \[ \int \frac{\sqrt{\tan x}}{\sin x \cos x} \, dx \]
- MHT CET - 2025
- Integration
- A die was thrown \( n \) times until the lowest number on the die appeared. If the mean is \( \frac{n}{g} \), then what is the value of \( n \)?
- MHT CET - 2025
- Probability
- There are 6 boys and 4 girls. Arrange their seating arrangement on a round table such that 2 boys and 1 girl can't sit together.
- MHT CET - 2025
- permutations and combinations
- Population of Town A and B was 20,000 in 1985. In 1989, the population of Town A was 25,000, and Town B had 28,000. What will be the difference in population between the two towns in 1993?
- MHT CET - 2025
- Population Growth Calculation
- Given the equation: \[ 81 \sin^2 x + 81 \cos^2 x = 30 \] Find the value of \( x \).
- MHT CET - 2025
- Trigonometric Identities
Concepts Used:
Solutions
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components in which the particle size is smaller than 1 nm.
For example, salt and sugar is a good illustration of a solution. A solution can be categorized into several components.
Types of Solutions:
The solutions can be classified into three types:
- Solid Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Solid-state.
- Liquid Solutions- In these solutions, the solvent is in a Liquid state.
- Gaseous Solutions - In these solutions, the solvent is in a Gaseous state.
On the basis of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent, solutions are divided into the following types:
- Unsaturated Solution- A solution in which more solute can be dissolved without raising the temperature of the solution is known as an unsaturated solution.
- Saturated Solution- A solution in which no solute can be dissolved after reaching a certain amount of temperature is known as an unsaturated saturated solution.
- Supersaturated Solution- A solution that contains more solute than the maximum amount at a certain temperature is known as a supersaturated solution.