Question:
Which of the following groups of elements have critical elements?
Which of the following groups of elements have critical elements?
Updated On: Aug 11, 2023
- nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
- oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen
- zinc, iron and copper
- chlorine, iron and hydrogen
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The mineral elements most commonly deficient in the soil are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. These are known as 'critical elements'. The other essential elements are seldom lacking. Under certain circumstances when the soil is infertile the fertility of soil is restored by the addition of these elements as chemical fertilizers in the soil.
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Concepts Used:
Soil as Reservoir of Essential Elements
- Soil is firstly formed due to the slow breakdown and weathering of rocks.
- The clay and the humus part structure colloidal particles in the soil. These colloids hold a lot of charges on their surface and also have a large surface area that assists in the interaction with mineral elements.
- It is also the area of decomposition, a huge number of microbes in the soil decompose the organic remains (leftover) of plant parts or dead animals and release the minerals bound in organic matter.
- Soil can sustain a regular supply of minerals due to the activity of decomposers.
- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are also found in the soil changing or transforming the atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms to be utilized by the plants.
- Mineral nutrients are withdrawn from the soil at a much faster rate than it gets replenished naturally. Hence, often there is a deficiency of core minerals in the soil.
- The deficiency of crucial minerals affects crop production, which is replenished through artificial fertilisers.
- Macro-nutrients like N, P, K, S, etc. and micro-nutrients like Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, etc. are ingredients of fertilizers and are used in crop fields based on their requirement.