Question:

In which of the following pairs is the specific characteristic of a soil not correctly matched

Updated On: Jul 13, 2024

  • Terra rossa – Most suitable for roses 

  • Chernozems – Richest soil in the world

  • Black soil – Rich in calcium carbonate 

  • Laterite – Contains aluminium compound

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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Chernozem is a type of soil characterized by its black color and high humus content. It is renowned as one of the most fertile soils globally and is primarily utilized for growing cereal crops. Black soil is abundant in elements like calcium carbonate and iron, and it also contains lime, potash, aluminum, among other minerals. Laterite soil, on the other hand, contains bauxite, which is the source ore for aluminum production. Terra Rossa, a red clayey soil, is formed from limestone and is well-suited for cultivating vine plants, especially in grapevine production.
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Concepts Used:

Soil as Reservoir of Essential Elements

  • Soil is firstly formed due to the slow breakdown and weathering of rocks.
  • The clay and the humus part structure colloidal particles in the soil. These colloids hold a lot of charges on their surface and also have a large surface area that assists in the interaction with mineral elements.
  • It is also the area of decomposition, a huge number of microbes in the soil decompose the organic remains (leftover) of plant parts or dead animals and release the minerals bound in organic matter.
  • Soil can sustain a regular supply of minerals due to the activity of decomposers.
  • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are also found in the soil changing or transforming the atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms to be utilized by the plants.
  • Mineral nutrients are withdrawn from the soil at a much faster rate than it gets replenished naturally. Hence, often there is a deficiency of core minerals in the soil.
  • The deficiency of crucial minerals affects crop production, which is replenished through artificial fertilisers.
  • Macro-nutrients like N, P, K, S, etc. and micro-nutrients like Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, etc. are ingredients of fertilizers and are used in crop fields based on their requirement.