Which antibiotic inhibits interaction between t-RNA and m-RNA during bacterial protein synthesis ?
- Erythromycin
- Neomycin
- Streptomycin
- Tetracycline
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Tetracycline disrupts the binding of tRNA molecules carrying amino acids to the mRNA-ribosome complex, thereby preventing the incorporation of amino acids into the developing polypeptide chain. Streptomycin, on the other hand, disrupts the initial stages of protein synthesis by altering the conformation of the 30S subunit within the 70S prokaryotic ribosome. Erythromycin, meanwhile, interacts with the 50S subunit of the 70S prokaryotic ribosome.
so, the correct option is (D): Tetracycline
Top Questions on Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- Study the items of Column-I and those of Column-II:
Column-I Column-II
(a) RNA polymerase I (i) 18s rRNA
(b) RNA polymerase II (ii) SnRNAs
(c) RNA polymerase III (iii) hnRNA
Choose the option that correctly matches the items of Column-I with those of Column-II:- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- The RNA triplet UAG acts as a stop codon which terminates the synthesis of a polypeptide. Below is given a strand of DNA which codes for four amino acids.
In which position will an insertion of a thymine nucleotide result in the termination of translation?
DNA strand:
3′ T C C A C C C G A T G C 5′- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Construct and label a transcription unit from which the RNA segment given below has been transcribed. Write the complete name of the enzyme that transcribed this RNA.
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- The base sequence in one of the strands of DNA is: ‘TAGCATGAT’
- Give the base sequence of its complementary strand.
- How are these base pairs held together in DNA molecule?
- Explain the base complementarity rule. Name the scientist who framed this rule.
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Student to attempt either option-(A) or (B):
(A) Write the features a molecule should have to act as a genetic material. In the light of the above features, evaluate and justify the suitability of the molecule that is preferred as an ideal genetic material.
OR
(B) Differentiate between the following:- [(i)] Polygenic Inheritance and Pleiotropy
- [(ii)] Dominance, Codominance and Incomplete dominance
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Questions Asked in NEET exam
A sphere of radius R is cut from a larger solid sphere of radius 2R as shown in the figure. The ratio of the moment of inertia of the smaller sphere to that of the rest part of the sphere about the Y-axis is :
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Moment Of Inertia
Predict the major product $ P $ in the following sequence of reactions:
(i) HBr, benzoyl peroxide
(ii) KCN
(iii) Na(Hg), $C_{2}H_{5}OH$- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Organic Chemistry
AB is a part of an electrical circuit (see figure). The potential difference \(V_A - V_B\), at the instant when current \(i = 2\) A and is increasing at a rate of 1 amp/second is:
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Electromagnetic Induction and Inductance
- A wire of resistance \(R\) is cut into 8 equal pieces. From these pieces, two equivalent resistances are made by adding four of these together in parallel. Then these two are added in series. The net effective resistance of the combination is:
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Resistance
- Consider the diameter of a spherical object being measured with the help of a Vernier Callipers. Suppose its 10 Vernier Scale Divisions (V.S.D.) are equal to its 9 Main Scale Divisions (M.S.D.). The least count in the M.S. is 0.1 cm and the zero of V.S. is at -0.1 cm when the jaws of Vernier callipers are closed. If the main scale reading for the diameter is \(M = 5\) cm and the number of coinciding vernier division is 8, the measured diameter after zero error correction, is:
- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Measurement of length
Concepts Used:
Antibiotics
Antibiotics are a class of drugs used to treat bacterial infections. They work by targeting and killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria, thus helping the body's immune system to fight off the infection.
Antibiotics can be classified based on their mechanism of action. Some antibiotics, such as penicillin and cephalosporins, interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell death. Others, such as tetracyclines and macrolides, inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, preventing the bacteria from growing and multiplying. Some antibiotics, such as sulfonamides and trimethoprim, target bacterial metabolism, interfering with the production of essential nutrients and leading to bacterial death.
Antibiotics are commonly prescribed by doctors to treat bacterial infections such as strep throat, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. However, antibiotics are not effective against viral infections such as the common cold or flu, and their overuse can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, antibiotics should only be prescribed when necessary and used according to the prescribed dose and duration.
The discovery of antibiotics has been one of the most significant medical advancements of the 20th century, and antibiotics continue to play a vital role in modern medicine. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which pose a significant threat to public health. Therefore, it is important to use antibiotics judiciously to preserve their effectiveness for future generations.