Question

When the blood glucose level of a healthy person is 100 mg/dL, which one of the following options is most likely to represent the level of glucose in the urine of that person?

• A. ( < 1 { mg/dL} )
• B. ( 10 { mg/dL} )
• C. ( 50 { mg/dL} )
• D. ( 100 { mg/dL} ) )

Hint:

Regular monitoring of both blood and urine glucose levels can be important for diagnosing and managing diabetes mellitus.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Under normal physiological conditions, the kidneys filter glucose from the blood, reabsorbing it back into the bloodstream and preventing significant amounts from appearing in the urine. This process is efficient when the blood glucose levels are within the normal range, typically around 70 to 100 mg/dL for a healthy individual.
Analysis of Each Option: (A) Correct: In healthy individuals, the glucose that is filtered by the kidneys is almost entirely reabsorbed, resulting in less than 1 mg/dL of glucose in the urine. 
(B) Incorrect: While 10 mg/dL might occur under conditions affecting renal threshold or tubular reabsorption, it is not typical for healthy individuals. 
(C) Incorrect: A concentration of 50 mg/dL indicates significant glucosuria, which could suggest diabetes or other health issues affecting kidney function. 
(D) Incorrect: A level of 100 mg/dL in urine is highly abnormal and indicative of severe diabetes or renal dysfunction. Conclusion:
Explanation: The renal threshold for glucose is typically around 180 mg/dL. This means that only when blood glucose levels exceed this threshold might glucose appear in the urine. At a blood level of 100 mg/dL, the glucose in the urine would generally be below detectable limits.