Question:

When a substance ' $A$ ' reacts with water, it produces a combustible gas ' $B$ ' and a solution of substance ' $C$ ' in water. while another substance ' $D$ ' reacts with solution of ' $C$ ' to produce the same gas $B$ on warming while ' $D$ ' can produce gas ' $B$ ' on reaction with dilute $H _{2} SO _{4}$ at room temperature. ' $A$ ' imparts a deep golden yellow colour to a smokeless flame on Bunsen burner. Identify 'A', $' B$ ', ' $C$ ' and ' $D$ ' respectively are

Updated On: Jul 27, 2022
  • $K, H_2, KOH, Al$
  • $Na, H_2, NaOH, Zn$
  • $CaC_2, C_2H_2, Ca(OH)_2, Fe$
  • $Ca, H_2, Ca(OH)_2, Sn$
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

$\underset{A}{2Na} + 2H_2O \rightarrow \underset{B}{H_2} + \underset{C}{2NaOH}$ $ \underset{D}{Zn} + \underset{C}{2NaOH} \xrightarrow{\Delta} Na_2ZnO_2 + \underset{B}{H_2}$ $\underset{D}{Zn} + H_2SO_4 \xrightarrow{\Delta} ZnSO_4 + \underset{B}{H_2}$ With Bunsen burner, $Na$ gives golden yellow flame, $K$ gives pink violet flame whereas $Ca$ gives brick red colour.
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Concepts Used:

Group 1 Elements

Group one of alkali metals is s-block elements with just one electron in their s-orbital. They are are alkali metals. They are named so because of the alkaline nature of the hydroxides and oxides.

Alkali metals are characterized by one s-electron in the valence shell of their atoms.

Alkali metals have a corresponding [Noble gas] ns1 electronic configuration. They occupy the first column of the periodic table. Alkali elements are:

  • Lithium(Li)
  • Sodium(Na)
  • Potassium (K)
  • Rubidium (Ru)
  • Cesium (Cs)
  • Francium (Fr)

They have occupied successive periods from first to seven. Francium is a radioactive element with very low half-life.

Electronic Configuration:

  • Alkali metals have one electron in their valence shell.
  • The electronic configuration is given by ns1. For example, the electronic configuration of lithium is given by 1ns1 2ns1.
  • They tend to lose the outer shell electron to form cations with charge +1 (monovalent ions).

This makes them the most electropositive elements and due to the same reason, they are not found in the pure state.