What is triple fusion? Where and how it take place? Name the nuclei involved in triple fusion.
Solution and Explanation
Triple fusion is the fusion of the male gamete with two polar nuclei inside the embryo sac of the angiosperm.
This process of fusion takes place inside the embryo sac. When pollen grains fall on the stigma, they germinate and give rise to the pollen tube that passes through the style and enters into the ovule.After this, the pollen tube enters one of the synergids and releases two male gametes there. Out of the two male gametes, one gamete fuses with the nucleus of the egg cell and forms the zygote(syngamy). The other male gametes fuses with the two polar nuclei present in the central cell to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus.
Since this process involves the fusion of three haploid nuclei, It is known as triple fusion. It results in the formation of the endosperm. One male gamete nucleus and two polar nuclei are involved in this process.
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Notes on sexual reproduction in flowering plants
Concepts Used:
Pollination and Double Fertilization
Pollination is defined as the pre-fertilization event or process, where pollen grains from another are transferred to the stigma of a flower.
Double fertilization is a complex process that involves the fusion of one female gametophyte with two male gametes.
Types of Pollination:
All plants having flowers completely rely on the pollination method for reproduction. There are 2 types of pollination –
- Self Pollination
- Cross-Pollination
The end products of double fertilization are:
- Diploid Zygote
- Primary Endosperm Nucleus