Question

What is the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction? Explain Faraday’s experiment associated with this phenomenon.

Hint:

The greater the rate of change of the magnetic field, the greater the induced EMF. This principle is used in generators and transformers.

Answer 1

The phenomenon of
electromagnetic induction refers to the process of generating an electromotive force (EMF) or current in a conductor by changing the magnetic field around it. This was discovered by
Michael Faraday in 1831.
Faraday’s Experiment: Faraday conducted an experiment to demonstrate the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. He used the following setup:
1. A coil of wire connected to a galvanometer (an instrument used to measure electric current).
2. A magnet was moved in and out of the coil, and the galvanometer showed deflections.
Key Observations: - When the magnet was moved inside the coil, a current was induced. - The current stopped once the magnet stopped moving. - The faster the magnet moved, the greater the current induced.
Conclusion: Faraday concluded that a changing magnetic field (whether by moving a magnet or changing the magnetic field strength) through a coil induces an electric current in the coil. This is the principle of electromagnetic induction.