The given binary number is \( 10101.10101_2 \). We will convert this into decimal by handling the integer and fractional parts separately.
1. Integer part: \[ 10101_2 = 1 \cdot 2^4 + 0 \cdot 2^3 + 1 \cdot 2^2 + 0 \cdot 2^1 + 1 \cdot 2^0 = 16 + 4 + 1 = 21 \] 2. Fractional part: \[ .10101_2 = 1 \cdot 2^{-1} + 0 \cdot 2^{-2} + 1 \cdot 2^{-3} + 0 \cdot 2^{-4} + 1 \cdot 2^{-5} = 0.5 + 0.125 + 0.03125 = 0.65625 \] Thus, the decimal value is: \[ 21 + 0.65625 = 21.65625 \] The equivalent decimal value is \( \boxed{21.65625} \).
Given an unsigned 32-bit integer \( x \), which of the following C/C++ expressions correctly toggles its bits starting from position \( p \) (with the least significant bit at position 0)?
Assume: \( x \) is the input integer; \( p \) is the starting position of the bit range (0-based, LSB at position 0); \( m \) is the number of bits to toggle; and no overflow or invalid input conditions occur. Which of the following correctly toggles \( m \) bits starting from position \( p \)?
A remote island has a unique social structure. Individuals are either "Truth-tellers" (who always speak the truth) or "Tricksters" (who always lie). You encounter three inhabitants: X, Y, and Z.
X says: "Y is a Trickster"
Y says: "Exactly one of us is a Truth-teller."
What can you definitively conclude about Z?
Consider the following statements followed by two conclusions.
Statements: 1. Some men are great. 2. Some men are wise.
Conclusions: 1. Men are either great or wise. 2. Some men are neither great nor wise. Choose the correct option: