Question:
What is the correct order of acidity of compounds I, II and III?
i. 4-Nitrobenzoic acid
ii. 4-Methoxy Benzoic acid
iii. Benzoic acid
What is the correct order of acidity of compounds I, II and III?
i. 4-Nitrobenzoic acid
ii. 4-Methoxy Benzoic acid
iii. Benzoic acid
i. 4-Nitrobenzoic acid
ii. 4-Methoxy Benzoic acid
iii. Benzoic acid
Updated On: Apr 30, 2024
- I>III>II
- I>II>III
- I<II<III
- I<III<II
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is option (A): I>III>II
The acidity can be determined by the stability of the conjugate base formed after losing a proton. More stable the conjugate more stronger the acid. I: 4-Nitrobenzoic acid: it has a strong electron-withdrawing group. The negative charge on the base is stabilized by the electron-withdrawing effect of the nitro group. II 4-Methoxybenzoic acid: The methoxy group is attached to the beneze ring. The Methoxy group is electron donating but is not as effective as the nitro group. III Benzoic acid: It has no substituent group Therefore, the order of acidity will be I>III>II
The acidity can be determined by the stability of the conjugate base formed after losing a proton. More stable the conjugate more stronger the acid. I: 4-Nitrobenzoic acid: it has a strong electron-withdrawing group. The negative charge on the base is stabilized by the electron-withdrawing effect of the nitro group. II 4-Methoxybenzoic acid: The methoxy group is attached to the beneze ring. The Methoxy group is electron donating but is not as effective as the nitro group. III Benzoic acid: It has no substituent group Therefore, the order of acidity will be I>III>II
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Concepts Used:
Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
Uses of Aldehydes:
- Formaldehyde is a gas. With 40% solution in water, it forms Formalin which is used in preserving biological specimens.
- Formaldehyde is used in embalming, tanning, preparing glues and polymeric products, as germicides, insecticides, and fungicides for plants. It is also used in drug testing and photography.
- When reacted with phenol, formaldehyde forms Bakelite, which is used in plastics, coatings, and adhesives.
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- Benzaldehyde is used in perfumes, cosmetic products, and dyes. It is added to provide almond flavor to food products and also used as a bee repellent.
Uses of Ketones:
- The most common ketone is acetone which is an excellent solvent for a number of plastics and synthetic fibers.
- In the household, acetone is used as a nail paint remover and paint thinner.
- In medicine, it is used in chemical peeling and for acne treatments.
- Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), chemically butanone, is a common solvent. It is used in the production of textiles, varnishes, plastics, paint remover, paraffin wax, etc.
- MEK is also used as a welding agent for plastics due to its dissolving properties.
- Cyclohexanone is another important ketone which is primarily used in the production of nylon.