The correct answer is option (A): I>III>II The acidity can be determined by the stability of the conjugate base formed after losing a proton. More stable the conjugate more stronger the acid. I: 4-Nitrobenzoic acid: it has a strong electron-withdrawing group. The negative charge on the base is stabilized by the electron-withdrawing effect of the nitro group. II 4-Methoxybenzoic acid: The methoxy group is attached to the beneze ring. The Methoxy group is electron donating but is not as effective as the nitro group. III Benzoic acid: It has no substituent group Therefore, the order of acidity will be I>III>II
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Top Questions on Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Formaldehyde is a gas. With 40% solution in water, it forms Formalin which is used in preserving biological specimens.
Formaldehyde is used in embalming, tanning, preparing glues and polymeric products, as germicides, insecticides, and fungicides for plants. It is also used in drug testing and photography.
When reacted with phenol, formaldehyde forms Bakelite, which is used in plastics, coatings, and adhesives.
Acetaldehyde is largely used for the production of acetic acid and pyridine derivatives.
Benzaldehyde is used in perfumes, cosmetic products, and dyes. It is added to provide almond flavor to food products and also used as a bee repellent.
Uses of Ketones:
The most common ketone is acetone which is an excellent solvent for a number of plastics and synthetic fibers.
In the household, acetone is used as a nail paint remover and paint thinner.
In medicine, it is used in chemical peeling and for acne treatments.
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), chemically butanone, is a common solvent. It is used in the production of textiles, varnishes, plastics, paint remover, paraffin wax, etc.
MEK is also used as a welding agent for plastics due to its dissolving properties.
Cyclohexanone is another important ketone which is primarily used in the production of nylon.
