Question

What is nucleic acid? Write two important properties of them.

Hint:

Nucleic acids are often called the "blueprint of life" because they not only store genetic information but also ensure its transfer across generations.

Answer 1

Nucleic acids are complex biomolecules that store and transmit genetic information in living organisms.
They are polymers of nucleotides, which consist of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.
The two main types of nucleic acids are:
- DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
- RNA (Ribonucleic acid)
Two important properties:
1. Genetic Information Storage: DNA carries hereditary information that controls the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms.
2. Self-Replication and Protein Synthesis: Nucleic acids can replicate themselves and guide protein synthesis through transcription (DNA → RNA) and translation (RNA → protein).
Thus, nucleic acids are essential molecules of life.