What is hydrogenation? What is its industrial application?
What is hydrogenation? What is its industrial application?
Solution and Explanation
Hydrogenation is the process of the addition of hydrogen. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are added with hydrogen in the presence of palladium and nickel catalysts to give saturated hydrocarbons.
This reaction is applied in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils, which contain long chains of unsaturated carbons.
Top Questions on Chemical Properties Of Carbon Compounds
- (a) (i)Give reason why carbon can neither form C4+ cations nor C4− anions but form covalent compounds.
(ii) What is homologous series of carbon compound? Write the molecular formula of any two consecutive members of homologous series of aldehydes.
(iii) Draw the structure of the molecule of cyclohexane (C6H12).
OR
(b) (i) Name a commercially important carbon compound having functional group –OH and write its molecular formula. (ii) Write chemical equation to show its reaction with
(1) Sodium metal
(2) Excess conc. sulphuric acid
(3) Ethanoic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst
(4) Acidified potassium dichromate
Also write the name of the product formed in each case.- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Carbon Compounds
- Consider the following statements about homologous series of carbon compounds:
(a) All succeeding members differ by –CH2 unit.
(b) Melting point and boiling point increases with increasing molecular mass.
(c) The difference in molecular masses between two successive members is 16 u.
(d) C2H2 and C3H4 are NOT the successive members of alkyne series.
The correct statements are –- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Carbon Compounds
- Carbon compounds :
(i) are good conductors of electricity.
(ii) are bad conductors of electricity.
(iii) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules.
(iv) have weak forces of attraction between their molecules.
The correct statements are :- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Carbon Compounds
Butanone is a four-carbon compound with the functional group
- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Carbon Compounds
Explain the mechanism of the cleaning action of soaps.
- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Carbon Compounds
Questions Asked in CBSE X exam
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- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Fire extinguisher
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- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Electrical hazards
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- CBSE Class X - 2024
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- Repair and Maintenance
Concepts Used:
Allotropes of Carbon
The existence of a chemical element in one or more physical forms happening in the same physical state is called Allotropes or allotropy. Allotropes may show different physical or chemical states turning on the atom arrangement or the number of existent atoms. While carbon and sulfur is the common element presenting allotropy. Carbon can make further allotropes due to its five-membered valency.
Read More: Allotropes of Carbon
Allotropes of Carbon:
Carbon is part of a p-block element.
- The atomic number of carbon = 6
- It belongs to group 14.
- It makes up about 18.5% of the human body by mass.
Carbon has only two types of allotropes, such as;
- Crystalline
- Amorphous
The crystalline form of carbon consists of allotropes like;
- Diamond
- Graphite
- Fullerenes
The amorphous form of carbon consists of allotropes like;
- Coal
- Coke
- Wood charcoal
- Animal charcoal
- Lampblack
- Gas carbon