Question

What is convergent evolution. Give an example

Hint:

Convergent evolution leads to Analogy (similar function, different origin), while Divergent evolution leads to Homology (different function, common origin).

Answer 1

Step 1: Convergent evolution occurs when different species, often living in similar habitats or facing similar environmental pressures, develop analogous structures.
Step 2: Analogous structures are those that perform similar functions but have different anatomical origins and structures.
Step 3: Example: The eye of an octopus and a mammal, or the flippers of penguins and dolphins. These structures did not evolve from a common ancestor but evolved independently to serve the same purpose.