Question

What is Brownian movement?

Hint:

Brownian motion is the random movement of particles caused by the collisions with the molecules of the surrounding medium.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of Brownian Movement.
Brownian motion, also known as Brownian movement, is the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid (liquid or gas) resulting from their collision with fast atoms or molecules in the gas or liquid. This motion was first observed by botanist Robert Brown in 1827.
Step 2: Explanation.
The suspended particles, when viewed under a microscope, exhibit continuous, erratic motion. This is due to the constant, random bombardment by molecules in the surrounding medium. Brownian motion provides direct evidence for the kinetic theory of matter, which explains the nature of atoms and molecules in constant motion.
Step 3: Characteristics of Brownian Motion.
- It occurs in liquids and gases.
- The motion is unpredictable and random.
- It is a result of the thermal energy of the medium.
- It helps explain diffusion processes.