Question

What do you understand by Lingayat sect?

Hint:

Lingayat sect = Founded by Basavanna in the 12th century. Based on devotion to Shiva, equality, social reform, and rejection of caste discrimination and rituals.

Answer 1

The Lingayat sect, also known as Veerashaiva movement, emerged in the 12th century CE in Karnataka under the leadership of Basavanna, a great reformer, poet, and social thinker. The followers of this sect are called Lingayats because they wear a small Shiva Linga around their neck as a mark of devotion.
Main features of the Lingayat sect:
1. Devotion to Lord Shiva:
Lingayats are staunch devotees of Lord Shiva in the form of a personal linga, which they always carry with them.
2. Rejection of Caste System:
Basavanna strongly opposed caste discrimination and untouchability. The Lingayat movement promoted equality of all human beings.
3. Status of Women:
The sect encouraged women’s participation in religious and social life. It opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage.
4. Opposition to Rituals:
Lingayats rejected the dominance of Brahmins and ritualistic worship. They emphasized simple devotion (\textit{bhakti}), personal purity, and moral conduct over ritual sacrifices.
5. Social Reform:
They established the “Anubhava Mantapa,” a spiritual assembly where men and women, irrespective of caste, discussed religion, philosophy, and social reforms.
The Lingayat sect thus represented a powerful socio-religious reform movement in South India, which challenged social inequalities and promoted devotion, equality, and justice. It continues to be a significant religious community in Karnataka and parts of South India.