Question

Differentiate between Methanoic acid and Ethanoic acid.

Hint:

Methanoic acid is simpler and stronger compared to ethanoic acid, due to its lack of alkyl groups.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of Methanoic Acid.
Methanoic acid, also known as formic acid (HCOOH), is the simplest carboxylic acid. It has a single carbon atom in its structure and is commonly found in ants and other insects.
Step 2: Definition of Ethanoic Acid.
Ethanoic acid, also known as acetic acid (CH₃COOH), is a carboxylic acid that contains two carbon atoms. It is the main component of vinegar, besides water.
Step 3: Key Differences.
- Molecular Formula: - Methanoic acid: \( \text{HCOOH} \) - Ethanoic acid: \( \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} \) - Number of Carbon Atoms: - Methanoic acid has 1 carbon atom. - Ethanoic acid has 2 carbon atoms. - Occurrence: - Methanoic acid is found in ants and some plants. - Ethanoic acid is found in vinegar and is used in food processing. - Acidity: - Both are weak acids, but methanoic acid is slightly stronger than ethanoic acid due to its simpler structure.
Final Answer: Methanoic acid has one carbon atom and is found in ants, while ethanoic acid has two carbon atoms and is found in vinegar.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{Methanoic acid has 1 carbon atom and is found in ants, while ethanoic acid has 2 carbon atoms and is found in vinegar.}} \]