Question

What do you understand by chromosomal aberrations? Describe any two aberrations.

Hint:

Chromosomal aberrations involve changes in number (trisomy, monosomy) or structure (deletion, duplication). 

Answer 1

Chromosomal aberrations are significant disruptions in the structure or number of chromosomes, leading to a wide range of effects on an organism's health and development. Understanding these aberrations helps in diagnosing genetic disorders, studying evolutionary processes, and advancing medical research. While some aberrations are harmless or beneficial (e.g., polyploidy in plants), many result in severe consequences, emphasizing the importance of maintaining chromosomal integrity.

Chromosomal aberrations are structural or numerical changes in chromosomes that lead to genetic disorders.

Types of chromosomal aberrations:

• Deletion: Loss of a chromosome segment, e.g., Cri-du-chat syndrome.
• Duplication: A chromosome segment is repeated, leading to genetic disorders.