What are 'X' and 'Y' respectively in the following reaction sequence?
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When dealing with reactions involving styrene, remember that strong oxidizing agents like KMnO$_4$ can oxidize the double bond to a carboxylic acid group.
In the first step, KMnO$_4$/KOH acts as an oxidizing agent, converting styrene into a carboxylated product (X). The second step involves a reaction with H$_3$O that replaces the halogen (Y) and forms a carboxylic acid.