What are X and Y respectively in the following reactions?
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For esterification reactions:
- Carboxylic acids require an acid catalyst (\( H^+ \)).
- Acid chlorides require a base (e.g., pyridine) to neutralize HCl formed.
Step 1: Identify the Reaction Types
- The first reaction involves esterification of benzoic acid with ethanol, which requires an acid catalyst (\( H^+ \)).
- The second reaction involves esterification of benzoyl chloride with ethanol, where pyridine is used as a base to neutralize HCl.
Step 2: Explanation
- \( X = H^+ \) (for acid-catalyzed esterification of benzoic acid)
- \( Y = \text{Pyridine} \) (as a base for benzoyl chloride reaction)
Thus, the correct answer is \( H^+, \text{Pyridine} \).
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Approach Solution -2
In the given reactions:
1) The reaction between benzoic acid (\( \text{COOH} \)) and ethanol (\( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} \)) to form ethyl benzoate and water is an esterification reaction.
This reaction is typically catalyzed by an acid.
So, \( X = \boxed{H^+} \) (acid catalyst).
2) The reaction between benzoyl chloride (\( \text{COCl} \)) and ethanol to form ethyl benzoate and HCl is an acyl substitution reaction.
Pyridine is often used as a base to neutralize the HCl produced and to facilitate the reaction.
So, \( Y = \boxed{\text{Pyridine}} \).
