Question

What are the complications of leiomyoma uterus?

Hint:

While fibroids are common, complications such as heavy bleeding, pain, and infertility require careful management to improve quality of life and reproductive outcomes.

Answer 1

Step 1: Introduction to Complications.
Leiomyomas are common, but they can cause a variety of complications depending on their size, location, and number. The complications may affect the uterus, surrounding organs, and overall health.
Step 2: Common Complications of Leiomyoma Uterus.
(1) Menorrhagia (Heavy Menstrual Bleeding):
The most common complication of uterine fibroids, particularly submucosal fibroids, which can lead to heavy, prolonged periods. This can result in anemia due to blood loss.
(2) Pain and Discomfort:
Fibroids can cause pelvic pain, pressure, or back pain, particularly if they are large or growing rapidly. This is common with intramural and subserosal fibroids.
(3) Infertility and Pregnancy Loss:
Fibroids, especially those located in the submucosal or intramural areas, may interfere with embryo implantation or the growth of the fetus, leading to infertility or recurrent miscarriages.
(4) Urinary and Bowel Issues:
Large fibroids can press against the bladder, causing frequent urination or urinary retention. In some cases, they may also cause pressure on the bowel, leading to constipation.
(5) Obstructed Labor:
Large fibroids may obstruct the birth canal during labor, leading to complications such as prolonged labor or the need for cesarean delivery.
(6) Degeneration:
Fibroids may undergo degenerative changes, including red degeneration, where the fibroid outgrows its blood supply, causing acute pain and swelling.