Question

What are the characteristics of social stratification?
(A) It is based on natural differences.
(B) It is a function of individual differences.
(C) It persists over generations.
(D) It is supported by patterns of belief/ideology.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) and (D) only
• (C) and (B) only
• (C) and (D) only
• (A) and (B) only

Hint:

Remember the four principles of social stratification: it's a societal trait, it persists across generations, it's universal but variable, and it's backed by ideology. This framework helps distinguish it from simple individual inequality.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals and groups in a society. The question asks to identify the fundamental principles or characteristics of this phenomenon as understood in sociology.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
There are four key principles of social stratification: \begin{enumerate} It is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences. Stratification is a system that ranks categories of people, not just individuals based on their personal merits. So, (B) is incorrect. It carries over from generation to generation. A person's social position is often ascribed, meaning it is passed down from their parents. Social mobility can happen, but the system's structure ensures that stratification persists. So, (C) is correct. It is universal but variable. Stratification exists in all societies, but what is considered valuable and how inequality is structured varies from one society to another. It involves not just inequality but beliefs as well. Every system of inequality is supported by an ideology that justifies its existence and defines it as fair. So, (D) is correct. \end{enumerate} Statement (A) is incorrect because while societies may use natural traits (like gender or race) as a basis for stratification, the system of inequality itself is a social construction, not a natural one. Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct characteristics from the given options are that stratification persists over generations (C) and is supported by an ideology or belief system (D).