What are nucleic acids? Discuss the structure of DNA with a diagram.
Show Hint
DNA follows Chargaff's rule: A pairs with T, and C pairs with G via hydrogen bonds.
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Definition: Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) are biomolecules composed of nucleotides, responsible for genetic information storage. Step 2: Structure of DNA:
- Double-helix model by Watson and Crick.
- Consists of phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G).
- Complementary base pairing: A-T, C-G.
Step 3: Diagram: \[ \text{(Include diagram of DNA double-helix)} \]
Top Questions on Biomolecules
The particles in the nucleus of the cell, responsible for heredity, are called chromosomes which are made up of proteins and another type of biomolecules called nucleic acids. These are mainly of two types, DNA and RNA. Nucleic acids on hydrolysis yield a pentose sugar, phosphoric acid and nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound. Nucleic acids have a very diverse set of functions, such as cell creation, the storage and processing of genetic information, protein synthesis and the generation of energy cells. Although their functions may differ, the structure of DNA and RNA are very similar, with only a few fundamental differences in their molecular make-up. Based on the above information, answer the following questions: (a) Write two functions of DNA.
- Write the reaction of glucose with: (a) HI
- Assertion (A): Maltose is a reducing sugar.
Reason (R): Maltose is composed of two glucose units in which C-1 of one glucose unit is linked to C-4 of another glucose unit. - Which vitamin is responsible for the coagulation of blood?
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Chemistry
- Biomolecules
- Which one of the following is a disaccharide?
\[ \text{Glucose, Lactose, Amylose, Fructose} \]- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Chemistry
- Biomolecules
Questions Asked in UP Board XII exam
- If \( y = Ae^x + B \) where \( A, B \) are constants, then show that \( \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} - \frac{dy}{dx} = 0 \).
- UP Board XII - 2024
- Probability and Statistics
- (d) If vectors \( \mathbf{5i - \lambda j + 2k} \) and \( \mathbf{2i + 3j + 4k} \) are perpendicular, find \( \lambda \):
- UP Board XII - 2024
- Unit Vectors
Find the values of \( x, y, z \) if the matrix \( A \) satisfies the equation \( A^T A = I \), where
\[ A = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 2y & z \\ x & y & -z \\ x & -y & z \end{bmatrix} \]
- UP Board XII - 2024
- Matrices
- If drift velocity of electron be \( v_d \) and intensity of electric field \( E \), then which relation among the following obeys Ohm's law?
- UP Board XII - 2024
- Electrical Circuits
- (c) The value of the integral \( \int \sqrt{1 + \sin 2x} \,dx \) is:
- UP Board XII - 2024
- Integration