What are electromagnetic waves? Explain, with the help of a diagram, that these waves are transverse in nature.
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Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, where the electric and magnetic fields oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.
Step 1: Definition of Electromagnetic Waves.
Electromagnetic waves are waves that propagate through space, carrying energy. These waves consist of electric and magnetic fields oscillating perpendicular to each other and to the direction of propagation.
Step 2: Explanation of Transverse Nature.
In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field \( E \) and magnetic field \( B \) oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of wave propagation. This makes electromagnetic waves transverse in nature. The electric field oscillates in one plane, while the magnetic field oscillates in a plane perpendicular to it.
Step 3: Diagram and Conclusion.
Here’s a simple diagram showing the transverse nature of an electromagnetic wave:
Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, as both the electric and magnetic fields oscillate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
