Question:

VNTR stands for

Updated On: Jun 21, 2022
  • Variable number thymine repeats
  • Variable number transcription repeats
  • Variable nucleotide tandem repeats
  • Variable number tandem repeats
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Genetic or DNA fingerprinting, DNA testing or DNA profiling is the technique used to distinguish between individuals of the same species using only samples of their DNA. It was invented by Sir Alec . Jeffreys. Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) polymorphism is the basis of DNA fingerprinting which are short nucleotide repeats. The location and repetition in VNTR is so unique that no two individuals are alike. During DNA fingerprinting special DNA probes (single stranded labelled DNA rands) which with known sequences of probes complementary to these on VNTRs are used which bind to these VNTRs and make . them radiolabelled and thus observable. DNA fingerprinting may also use RFLP. DNA of each organism has specific sequences calle restriction fragments that can be cleaved by restriction endonuclease enzymes to produce fragments of different lengths. Occurrence of different lengths of cleaved DNA sequences is referred to as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
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Concepts Used:

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA Replication:

DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.

Genetic Code:

Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.

Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance