Comprehension
Urbanization and Sustainability
Urbanization has accelerated globally, with over 50% of the world’s population now living in cities. This shift drives economic growth but strains resources like water and energy. Cities contribute 70% of global carbon emissions, necessitating sustainable urban planning. Green buildings and public transport reduce environmental impact, but challenges like slum growth and waste management persist. Effective policies can mitigate these issues, ensuring cities remain livable while supporting economic progress.
Urbanization has accelerated globally, with over 50% of the world’s population now living in cities. This shift drives economic growth but strains resources like water and energy. Cities contribute 70% of global carbon emissions, necessitating sustainable urban planning. Green buildings and public transport reduce environmental impact, but challenges like slum growth and waste management persist. Effective policies can mitigate these issues, ensuring cities remain livable while supporting economic progress.
Question: 1
What is a major environmental impact of urbanization mentioned in the passage?
What is a major environmental impact of urbanization mentioned in the passage?
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Focus on specific data or statistics in the passage for impact-related questions.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2025
- Reduced energy consumption
- 70% of global carbon emissions
- Decreased slum growth
- Improved waste management
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
We need to identify a major environmental impact of urbanization.
- Step 1: Locate impact: The passage states, “Cities contribute 70% of global carbon emissions.”
- Step 2: Evaluate options:
- (a) Reduced energy consumption: Incorrect, as resources are straine(d)
- (b) 70% of global carbon emissions: Correct, directly state(d)
- (c) Decreased slum growth: Incorrect, slum growth is a challenge.
- (d) Improved waste management: Incorrect, waste management is a challenge.
- Step 3: Confirm: Option b matches the passage’s dat(a)
Thus, the answer is b.
- Step 1: Locate impact: The passage states, “Cities contribute 70% of global carbon emissions.”
- Step 2: Evaluate options:
- (a) Reduced energy consumption: Incorrect, as resources are straine(d)
- (b) 70% of global carbon emissions: Correct, directly state(d)
- (c) Decreased slum growth: Incorrect, slum growth is a challenge.
- (d) Improved waste management: Incorrect, waste management is a challenge.
- Step 3: Confirm: Option b matches the passage’s dat(a)
Thus, the answer is b.
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Question: 2
What does the passage suggest to make cities more livable?
What does the passage suggest to make cities more livable?
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Identify solutions or recommendations in the passage’s concluding statements.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2025
- Increasing urbanization rates
- Implementing effective policies
- Expanding slum areas
- Reducing public transport
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
We need to find what makes cities livable.
- Step 1: Locate suggestion: The passage states, “Effective policies can mitigate these issues, ensuring cities remain livable.”
- Step 2: Match options:
- (a) Increasing urbanization: Incorrect, as it strains resources.
- (b) Implementing effective policies: Correct, directly state(d)
- (c) Expanding slum areas: Incorrect, slums are a challenge.
- (d) Reducing public transport: Incorrect, public transport reduces impact.
- Step 3: Confirm: Option b aligns with the passage.
Thus, the answer is b.
- Step 1: Locate suggestion: The passage states, “Effective policies can mitigate these issues, ensuring cities remain livable.”
- Step 2: Match options:
- (a) Increasing urbanization: Incorrect, as it strains resources.
- (b) Implementing effective policies: Correct, directly state(d)
- (c) Expanding slum areas: Incorrect, slums are a challenge.
- (d) Reducing public transport: Incorrect, public transport reduces impact.
- Step 3: Confirm: Option b aligns with the passage.
Thus, the answer is b.
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Question: 3
Which of the following is NOT a challenge of urbanization mentioned in the passage?
Which of the following is NOT a challenge of urbanization mentioned in the passage?
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Distinguish between positive outcomes and challenges in the passage.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2025
- Slum growth
- Waste management
- Economic growth
- Resource strain
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
We need to identify what is not a challenge.
- Step 1: List challenges: The passage mentions “strains resources like water and energy,” “slum growth,” and “waste management.”
- Step 2: Evaluate options:
- (a) Slum growth: A challenge, incorrect.
- (b) Waste management: A challenge, incorrect.
- (c) Economic growth: A benefit, not a challenge.
- (d) Resource strain: A challenge, incorrect.
- Step 3: Confirm: Economic growth is a positive outcome.
Thus, the answer is c.
- Step 1: List challenges: The passage mentions “strains resources like water and energy,” “slum growth,” and “waste management.”
- Step 2: Evaluate options:
- (a) Slum growth: A challenge, incorrect.
- (b) Waste management: A challenge, incorrect.
- (c) Economic growth: A benefit, not a challenge.
- (d) Resource strain: A challenge, incorrect.
- Step 3: Confirm: Economic growth is a positive outcome.
Thus, the answer is c.
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Question: 4
What percentage of the world’s population lives in cities, according to the passage?
What percentage of the world’s population lives in cities, according to the passage?
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Match numerical data exactly to the passage’s wording for precision.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2025
- 40%
- 50%
- 60%
- Over 50%
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
We need the percentage of the population in cities.
- Step 1: Find data: The passage states, “over 50% of the world’s population now living in cities.”
- Step 2: Match options:
- (a) 40%: Incorrect.
- (b) 50%: Incorrect, as it’s “over 50%.”
- (c) 60%: Not specifie(d)
- (d) Over 50%: Correct, matches exactly.
- Step 3: Confirm: Option d is precise.
Thus, the answer is d.
- Step 1: Find data: The passage states, “over 50% of the world’s population now living in cities.”
- Step 2: Match options:
- (a) 40%: Incorrect.
- (b) 50%: Incorrect, as it’s “over 50%.”
- (c) 60%: Not specifie(d)
- (d) Over 50%: Correct, matches exactly.
- Step 3: Confirm: Option d is precise.
Thus, the answer is d.
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Question: 5
Choose the word most similar in meaning to “mitigate” as used in Passage 2.
Choose the word most similar in meaning to “mitigate” as used in Passage 2.
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Use the word’s context in the passage to select the precise synonym.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2025
- Aggravate
- Alleviate
- Intensify
- Complicate
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
We need a synonym for “mitigate” in “Effective policies can mitigate these issues.”
- Step 1: Define context: “Mitigate” means to reduce or lessen the severity of issues.
- Step 2: Evaluate options:
- (a) Aggravate: Means to worsen, opposite.
- (b) Alleviate: Means to reduce or relieve, synonymous.
- (c) Intensify: Means to increase, opposite.
- (d) Complicate: Means to make complex, unrelate(d)
- Step 3: Confirm: Alleviate fits the context of reducing issues.
Thus, the answer is b.
- Step 1: Define context: “Mitigate” means to reduce or lessen the severity of issues.
- Step 2: Evaluate options:
- (a) Aggravate: Means to worsen, opposite.
- (b) Alleviate: Means to reduce or relieve, synonymous.
- (c) Intensify: Means to increase, opposite.
- (d) Complicate: Means to make complex, unrelate(d)
- Step 3: Confirm: Alleviate fits the context of reducing issues.
Thus, the answer is b.
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Question: 6
Arrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph:
1. Urbanization drives economic growth by concentrating resources.
2. However, it also leads to environmental challenges like pollution.
3. Sustainable urban planning can address these issues.
4. Cities must adopt green technologies to remain livable.
Arrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph:
1. Urbanization drives economic growth by concentrating resources.
2. However, it also leads to environmental challenges like pollution.
3. Sustainable urban planning can address these issues.
4. Cities must adopt green technologies to remain livable.
1. Urbanization drives economic growth by concentrating resources.
2. However, it also leads to environmental challenges like pollution.
3. Sustainable urban planning can address these issues.
4. Cities must adopt green technologies to remain livable.
Show Hint
Arrange sentences by identifying introduction, contrast, solution, and conclusion.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2025
- 1, 2, 3, 4
- 2, 1, 3, 4
- 1, 3, 2, 4
- 4, 1, 2, 3
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
We need a coherent paragraph.
- Step 1: Identify introduction: Sentence 1 introduces urbanization’s economic benefit.
- Step 2: Find contrast: Sentence 2 uses “however” to highlight environmental challenges.
- Step 3: Identify solution: Sentence 3 suggests sustainable planning as a solution.
- Step 4: Conclude: Sentence 4 specifies green technologies for livability.
- Step 5: Test order: 1-2-3-4 flows logically: benefit, challenge, solution, action. Other orders disrupt coherence (e.g., b starts with challenge).
Thus, the answer is a.
- Step 1: Identify introduction: Sentence 1 introduces urbanization’s economic benefit.
- Step 2: Find contrast: Sentence 2 uses “however” to highlight environmental challenges.
- Step 3: Identify solution: Sentence 3 suggests sustainable planning as a solution.
- Step 4: Conclude: Sentence 4 specifies green technologies for livability.
- Step 5: Test order: 1-2-3-4 flows logically: benefit, challenge, solution, action. Other orders disrupt coherence (e.g., b starts with challenge).
Thus, the answer is a.
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