The question refers to a school of jurisprudence that focuses on law as it is in practice, analyzing its actual workings and effects rather than abstract definitions. This approach emphasizes the study of how laws are applied and interpreted in real-life situations—specifically through court decisions, often rejecting theoretical legal definitions and formulations. This school's emphasis is unique as it prioritizes practical application over theoretical doctrines.
Given the options:
- Natural Law School
- Positive Law School
- Historical School
- Realist Law School
The correct answer is the Realist Law School.
The Realist Law School is characterized by its practical approach, focusing on the behavior of legal actors and the law in action, interpreting judicial processes as they unfold, thereby distinguishing it from other schools like Natural Law (which deals with moral principles), Positive Law (which focuses on laws laid down by a sovereign authority), and Historical School (which emphasizes the origins and history of law).