The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the order $HF > HI > HBr > HCl$.
What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride ?
- The bond energy of HF molecules is greater than in other hydrogen halides
- The effect of nuclear shielding is much reduced in fluorine which polarises the HF molecule
- The electronegativity of fluorine is much higher than for other elements in the group.
- There is strong hydrogen bonding between HF molecules
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
HF > HI > HBr > HI
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Concepts Used:
Group 17 Elements
Halogens are the group 17 elements of the periodic table. The term ‘halogen’ means ‘salt-producing’, hence the name halogens as they possess the tendency to form salts after reacting to metals. It generally has five elements:
- Fluorine (F)
- Chlorine (Cl)
- Bromine (Br)
- Iodine (I)
- Astatine (At)
These are all naturally occurring halogens but Tennessine (Ts) is an artificially created halogen.
Halogens:
Halogens are highly reactive elements and are highly electronegative. They have a high tendency to react with metals to form salts. They are also known as Group 17 elements. They have 7 electrons in their outer shell with a configuration of (ns2 np5). Fluorine being the first halogen in group 17, is highly reactive. Astatine is a halogen because of its resemblance with iodine despite it being radioactive.
Electronic Configuration:
The general electronic configuration for group 17 elements is ns2np5. This configuration clearly shows that they have 7 electrons in their valence shell. They require one more electron to complete their octet and achieve noble gas configuration.
