To find the limit $\lim_{x \to -3} \frac{2x+6}{x+3}$, we begin by substituting $x = -3$ into the expression. Direct substitution yields:
$\frac{2(-3) + 6}{-3 + 3} = \frac{-6 + 6}{0} = \frac{0}{0}$
This is an indeterminate form, so we need to simplify the expression. Notice that:
$2x + 6 = 2(x + 3)$
Thus, the expression becomes:
$\frac{2(x+3)}{x+3}$
If $x \neq -3$, we can cancel $(x+3)$:
$= 2$
Since the simplification holds for all $x \neq -3$, the limit is:
$\lim_{x \to -3} \frac{2(x+3)}{x+3} = 2$
This result, $2$, falls within the given range of 2,2, confirming its validity.
For \( \alpha, \beta, \gamma \in \mathbb{R} \), if \[ \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{x^2 \sin(\alpha x) + (\gamma - 1)e^{x^2}}{\sin(2x - \beta x)} = 3, \] then \( \beta + \gamma - \alpha \) is equal to:
Identify the taxa that constitute a paraphyletic group in the given phylogenetic tree.
The vector, shown in the figure, has promoter and RBS sequences in the 300 bp region between the restriction sites for enzymes X and Y. There are no other sites for X and Y in the vector. The promoter is directed towards the Y site. The insert containing only an ORF provides 3 fragments after digestion with both enzymes X and Y. The ORF is cloned in the correct orientation in the vector using the single restriction enzyme Y. The size of the largest fragment of the recombinant plasmid expressing the ORF upon digestion with enzyme X is ........... bp. (answer in integer) 