Question:
The total number of amines among the following which can be synthesized by Gabriel synthesis is _________. (A) ethylamine, (B) n-propylamine, (C) benzylamine, (D) aniline
The total number of amines among the following which can be synthesized by Gabriel synthesis is _________. (A) ethylamine, (B) n-propylamine, (C) benzylamine, (D) aniline
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Gabriel synthesis is strictly for {Primary Aliphatic Amines}. It fails for aromatic amines (aniline) and secondary/tertiary amines.
Updated On: Jan 21, 2026
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Correct Answer: 3
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis is used to prepare primary aliphatic amines.
Step 2: It involves nucleophilic substitution ($S_N2$) of an alkyl halide by the phthalimide anion.
Step 3: Ethyl chloride and n-Propyl chloride react easily. Benzyl chloride also reacts well.
Step 4: Aniline cannot be prepared because aryl halides (like chlorobenzene) do not undergo $S_N2$ reactions with the phthalimide ion under ordinary conditions. Products: (A), (B), (C). Total = 3.
Step 2: It involves nucleophilic substitution ($S_N2$) of an alkyl halide by the phthalimide anion.
Step 3: Ethyl chloride and n-Propyl chloride react easily. Benzyl chloride also reacts well.
Step 4: Aniline cannot be prepared because aryl halides (like chlorobenzene) do not undergo $S_N2$ reactions with the phthalimide ion under ordinary conditions. Products: (A), (B), (C). Total = 3.
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